Could cholera outbreak happen in Kurdish refugee camps?

[Anthea]

Yemen war: Surge in cholera outbreak kills 34 - WHO

A resurgence of a cholera outbreak in war-torn Yemen is believed to have killed 34 people in the past two weeks.

The World Health Organisation says 2,022 suspected cases of cholera and acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) were reported between 27 April and 7 May.

Some 26,000 people have now been affected since October by the outbreak, which subsided over the winter.

The country's health system and civilian infrastructure are collapsing after two years of conflict.

The WHO says fewer than 45% of health facilities are fully functioning, with almost 300 damaged or destroyed in fighting between forces loyal to President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi - who is backed by a Saudi-led multinational coalition - and those allied to the Houthi rebel movement.

More than eight million people also lack access to drinking water and sanitation.

A WHO spokesman said recent heavy rains had washed away piles of uncollected waste into wells and water sources. In addition, warmer weather is creating a favourable environment for the pathogens that cause cholera to spread.

Cholera is a water-borne disease that is transmitted through contaminated water and food. Symptoms include acute diarrhoea and vomiting. People ill with cholera can become very sick and, when it is left untreated, death can occur within hours.

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), which has set up cholera treatment centres within five hospitals to isolate and treat patients presenting symptoms and is supporting other facilities, expressed fear that the local health authorities alone would not be able to deal with the surge in cases.

"We are very concerned that the disease will continue to spread and become out of control," warned the charity's head of mission in Yemen, Shinjiro Murata.

Mr Murata said humanitarian assistance needed to be scaled up urgently.

The WHO spokesman said preventing the spread of the outbreak was a high priority and that it was co-ordinating efforts "with all parties to ensure an effective and rapid response".

The UN says more than 8,010 people - mostly civilians - have been killed and close to 44,500 others injured since the conflict in Yemen escalated in March 2015.

The fighting has also left 18.8 million people in need of humanitarian assistance.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-39856642

[Piling]

In 2015 October, just when I arrived in Kurdistan, some cases of cholera happened in Duhok (it happens especially in Autumn). It started among refugees' camps, but no official regular camps from HCR or built by the KRG. It was in 'wild camps' without proper sewage and safe water system.During one month, hotels and restaurants refused to serve salads and people were informed to wash their vegetables carefully (with water and vinegar for example) and to not buy then from free sellers on the road, but in shops and markets.

The same year, I think cholera was also present in South Iraq and some people died, due to lack of care. In Duhok Governorate I did not hear about deaths, probably because the infected people were immediately brought to hospitals. The epidemic phenomenon did not last more than 1 month in Kurdistan.

Cholera is not deadly if people are cured in time : they don't die because of the bacteria in itself but by dehydration due to the severe diarrhea. So in hospital they perfuse the patient. If not, death could happen in some hours.

[Anthea]

I know that the conditions in many of the camps are unhygienic, muddy when wet , excessively cold in winter and often full of rapists and people traffickers

As you know, I am STRONGLY against all bombing

These unfortunate people need their country back and their homes rebuild

Conditions in the older camps are deteriorating and will continue to do so

[Benny]

I am no expert, but perhaps the fact that summer is coming with less rain and higher temperature will keep the sick rates down? Maybe the warmer and more dry season will improve the conditions for the poor people.

/B

[Piling]

I am not a scientist so I can't expect why, but generally, in Kurdistan, as far as I could see (but I didn't study deeply the question), cholera (and also other minor gastroenteritis) happen more in Autumn, which is still warm and dry in Kurdistan but not like the Summer Hell.

May be the bacteria can't support the 45ºc-47ºc in Kurdistan ? I notice that mosquitos, that scourge in Spring and Autumn, disappear in Summer in my garden, probably roasted by the sun…

[Anthea]

May be the bacteria can't support the 45ºc-47ºc in Kurdistan ? I notice that mosquitos, that scourge in Spring and Autumn, disappear in Summer in my garden, probably roasted by the sun…

Never mind the bacteria - I could not survive the 45ºc-47ºc in Kurdistan